Language and expression: HSK 7-9 语言文字：HSK 七至九级

句末要加一个标点符号。

Jù mò yào jiā yí gè biāodiǎnfúhào.

You need to put a punctuation mark at the end of a sentence.

他写字时总忘了标点符号。

Tā xiězì shí zǒng wàngle biāodiǎnfúhào.

He always forgets punctuation when he writes.

请在句子后面加感叹号。

Qǐng zài jùzi hòumian jiā gǎntànhào.

Please add an exclamation mark after the sentence.

他发来的信息全是感叹号。

Tā fā lái de xìnxī quán shì gǎntànhào.

The messages he sent were all exclamation marks.

这三个小点是省略号。

Zhè sān gè xiǎodiǎn shì shěnglüèhào.

These three little dots are an ellipsis.

这段对话结尾用了省略号。

Zhè duàn duìhuà jiéwěi yòng le shěnglüèhào.

The dialogue ends with an ellipsis.

句末要用什么标点？

Jù mò yào yòng shénme biāodiǎn?

What punctuation mark should go at the end of the sentence?

写作文时别忘了标点。

Xiě zuòwén shí bié wàngle biāodiǎn.

Don't forget the punctuation when you write an essay.

她对语言学很感兴趣。

Tā duì yǔyánxué hěn gǎnxìngqù.

She is very interested in linguistics.

我姐姐在大学学语言学。

Wǒ jiějie zài dàxué xué yǔyánxué.

My older sister studies linguistics at university.

书面语和口语有什么不同？

Shūmiànyǔ hé kǒuyǔ yǒu shénme bùtóng?

What's the difference between written and spoken language?

写文章时，要多用书面语。

Xiě wénzhāng shí, yào duōyòng shūmiànyǔ.

When writing an essay, use more written language.

他喜欢用画笔画山川。

Tā xǐhuan yòng huà bǐhuà shānchuān.

He likes to paint mountains and rivers with a brush.

楷书的笔画清楚，很适合初学者。

Kǎishū de bǐhuà qīngchu, hěn shìhé chūxuézhě.

The strokes of regular script are clear, so it suits beginners well.

我常把这两个字的偏旁写错。

Wǒ cháng bǎ zhè liǎng gè zì de piānpáng xiě cuò.

I often write the components of these two characters wrong.

认识偏旁能帮你猜出字的意思。

Rènshi piānpáng néng bāng nǐ cāi chū zì de yìsi.

Knowing the components can help you guess what a character means.

查字典时，可以先找部首。

Chá zìdiǎn shí, kěyǐ xiān zhǎo bùshǒu.

When using a dictionary, you can look up the radical first.

汉字的基本单位称作「部首」。

Hànzì de jīběn dānwèi chēngzuò「bùshǒu」.

The basic components of Chinese characters are called "radicals".

这是繁体字。

Zhè shì fántǐzì.

This is in Traditional Chinese characters.

我不会写繁体字，但我可以读。

Wǒ búhuì xiě fántǐzì, dàn wǒ kěyǐ dú.

I cannot write traditional characters, but I am fine reading them.

这是简体字。

Zhè shì jiǎntǐzì.

This is simplified Chinese.

大陆的报纸一般都用简体字。

Dàlù de bàozhǐ yìbān dōu yòng jiǎntǐzì.

Newspapers on the mainland generally use simplified characters.

词典里列出了好几个同义词。

Cídiǎn lǐ lièchūle hǎo jǐ ge tóngyìcí.

The dictionary lists several synonyms.

写文章时，你可以换一个同义词。

Xiě wénzhāng shí, nǐ kěyǐ huàn yí gè tóngyìcí.

When writing an essay, you can swap in a synonym.

“大”的反义词是什么？

“Dà”de fǎnyìcí shì shénme?

What is the antonym of "big"?

比喻是最常见的一种修辞。

Bǐyù shì zuì chángjiàn de yìzhǒng xiūcí.

Metaphor is the most common kind of figure of speech.

这篇文章用了很多比喻的修辞。

Zhè piān wénzhāng yòng le hěn duō bǐyù de xiūcí.

This article uses a lot of rhetorical devices like metaphor.

用词得当，文章才好懂。

Yòngcí dédàng, wénzhāng cái hǎo dǒng.

Only when the wording is suitable is an essay easy to understand.

用词要斟酌，别写得太随便。

Yòngcí yào zhēnzhuó, bié xiě de tài suíbiàn.

Consider your wording carefully, and don't write too casually.

我有什么口音？

Wǒ yǒu shénme kǒuyin?

What accent have I got?

你说话带口音吗？

Nǐ shuōhuà dài kǒuyin ma?

Do you speak with an accent?

我爷爷能背很多文言文。

Wǒ yéye néng bèi hěn duō wényánwén.

My grandfather can recite a lot of classical Chinese.

这段文言文太难了，我看不懂。

Zhè duàn wényánwén tài nánle, wǒ kànbùdǒng.

This passage of classical Chinese is too hard, and I can't understand it.

请你用白话再讲一遍好吗？

Qǐng nǐ yòng báihuà zài jiǎng yíbiàn hǎo ma?

Could you say it again in plain spoken language?

请你把这段古文翻译成白话。

Qǐng nǐ bǎ zhè duàn gǔwén fānyì chéng báihuà.

Please translate this passage of classical Chinese into plain spoken language.

词性不同，意思也不同。

Cíxìng bùtóng, yìsi yě bùtóng.

When the lexical category differs, the meaning differs too.

请标出下面每个词的词性。

Qǐng biāo chū xiàmiàn měige cí de cíxìng.

Please mark the part of speech of each word below.

这句话的语序不对。

Zhè jù huà de yǔxù bú duì.

The word order of this sentence is wrong.

外国学生常常弄错语序。

Wàiguó xuésheng chángcháng nòngcuò yǔxù.

Foreign students often get the word order wrong.

课本里很少教俚语。

Kèběn lǐ hěn shǎo jiāo lǐyǔ.

Textbooks rarely teach slang.

他说话总爱带点俚语。

Tā shuōhuà zǒng ài dài diǎn lǐyǔ.

He always likes to sprinkle some slang into his speech.

修车师傅有自己的行话。

Xiūchē shīfu yǒu zìjǐ de hánghuà.

Car mechanics have their own trade language.

做生意的人有很多行话。

Zuòshēngyì de rén yǒu hěn duō hánghuà.

People in business have a lot of trade jargon.

法律术语对我来说太难了。

Fǎlǜ shùyǔ duìwǒláishuō tài nánle.

Legal terminology is too difficult for me.

她拒绝得很委婉。

Tā jùjué de hěn wěiwǎn.

She turned it down very tactfully.

去世是死的一种委婉说法。

Qùshì shì sǐ de yìzhǒng wěiwǎn shuōfa.

Passing away is a euphemistic way of saying die.

她说话的样子很文雅。

Tā shuōhuà de yàngzi hěn wényǎ.

She speaks in a very elegant way.

在客人面前，请说话文雅一点儿。

Zài kèrén miànqián, qǐng shuōhuà wényǎ yìdiǎnr.

Please speak in a more refined way in front of the guests.

他庄重地接过了奖杯。

Tā zhuāngzhòng de jiēguò le jiǎngbēi.

He accepted the trophy with dignity.

婚礼上，气氛庄重而温暖。

Hūnlǐ shàng, qìfēn zhuāngzhòng ér wēnnuǎn.

At the wedding, the atmosphere was solemn yet warm.

邮件的措词要客气一点。

Yóujiàn de cuòcí yào kèqi yìdiǎn.

The wording of an email should be a bit more polite.

你换个措词，别那么直接。

Nǐ huàn gè cuòcí, bié nàme zhíjiē.

Change how you put it, and don't be so blunt.

汉语里的多音字很难学。

Hànyǔ lǐ de duōyīnzì hěn nán xué.

Characters with multiple readings are hard to learn in Chinese.

多音字得看句子才会读对。

Duōyīnzì děi kàn jùzi cái huì dú duì.

With characters that have multiple readings, you have to look at the sentence to read them correctly.

汉字最早是象形文字。

Hànzì zuì zǎo shì xiàngxíngwénzì.

Chinese characters were originally pictograms.

古埃及人用象形文字记事。

Gǔ Āijí rén yòng xiàngxíngwénzì jìshì.

The ancient Egyptians recorded events using hieroglyphs.

大部分汉字都是形声字。

Dàbùfen hànzì dōu shì xíngshēngzì.

Most Chinese characters are phono-semantic compounds.

学会形声字能帮你猜读音。

Xuéhuì xíngshēngzì néng bāng nǐ cāi dúyīn.

Learning phono-semantic characters can help you guess pronunciations.

他写错了，用了同音字。

Tā xiě cuòle, yòng le tóngyīnzì.

He wrote it wrong and used a homophone character.

打字时，我常选错同音字。

Dǎzì shí, wǒ cháng xuǎn cuò tóngyīnzì.

When I type, I often pick the wrong homophone character.

八和发谐音，人们喜欢八。

Bā hé fā xiéyīn, rénmen xǐhuan bā.

Eight sounds like the word for getting rich, so people like the number eight.

送人梨不好，因为和离谐音。

Sòng rén lí bù hǎo, yīnwèi hé lí xiéyīn.

Giving someone pears is bad luck, because the word sounds like the word for parting.

她说话的语调很温柔。

Tā shuōhuà de yǔdiào hěn wēnróu.

Her tone of voice is very gentle when she speaks.

疑问句的语调要往上升。

Yíwènjù de yǔdiào yào wǎng shàngshēng.

The intonation of a question should rise.

北京大学简称北大。

Běijīng Dàxué jiǎnchēng běidà.

Peking University is abbreviated as Beida.

请写全称，不要只写简称。

Qǐng xiě quánchēng, búyào zhǐ xiě jiǎnchēng.

Please write the full name, not just the short form.

这本书是谁译的？

Zhè běn shū shì shéi yì de?

Who translated this book?

她把经理的话译给客人听。

Tā bǎ jīnglǐ dehuà yì gěi kèrén tīng.

She interpreted the manager's words for the guests.

游行的人手里都举着标语。

Yóuxíng de rén shǒulǐ dōu jǔzhe biāoyǔ.

The people in the march were all holding placards.

学校门口的标语写着：安全第一。

Xuéxiào ménkǒu de biāoyǔ xiězhe: ānquán dìyī.

The slogan at the school gate reads: Safety first.

她对着冰凉的手呵了口气。

Tā duì zhe bīngliáng de shǒu ā le kǒuqì.

She breathed on her icy hands.

我不喜欢你和我说话的口气。

Wǒ bù xǐhuan nǐ hé wǒ shuōhuà de kǒuqì.

I don't like the way you talk to me.

她撰写了一封感谢信。

Tā zhuànxiěle yìfēng gǎnxièxìn.

She composed a thank-you letter.

数学是神用来撰写宇宙的语言。

Shùxué shì shén yònglái zhuànxiě yǔzhòu de yǔyán.

Mathematics is the language with which God has written the universe.

爷爷的字体很有力量。

Yéye de zìtǐ hěn yǒu lìliang.

My grandfather's calligraphic style is very powerful.

你更喜欢哪种书法字体？

Nǐ gèng xǐhuan nǎ zhǒng shūfǎ zìtǐ?

Which style of calligraphy do you like better?

先读一下报告的摘要吧。

Xiān dú yíxià bàogào de zhāiyào ba.

Let's read the summary of the report first.

论文的摘要不能超过三百字。

Lùnwén de zhāiyào bùnéng chāoguò sānbǎi zì.

The abstract of a paper can't exceed three hundred characters.

好一场演说！

Hǎo yìcháng yǎnshuō!

What a speech!

你的演说很出色。

Nǐ de yǎnshuō hěn chūsè.

Your speech was excellent.

我的字迹难以辨别。

Wǒ de zìjì nányǐ biànbié.

My handwriting is illegible.

雨水让字迹变模糊了。

Yǔshuǐ ràng zìjì biàn móhule.

The rain made the handwriting blurry.

你最喜欢哪一种文学体裁？

Nǐ zuì xǐhuan nǎ yìzhǒng wénxué tǐcái?

Which literary genre do you like best?

诗歌是一种古老的文学体裁。

Shīgē shì yìzhǒng gǔlǎo de wénxué tǐcái.

Poetry is an ancient form of writing.

这本书有很多插图。

Zhè běn shū yǒu hěn duō chātú.

This book has a lot of illustrations.

这本书有精美的插图。

Zhè běn shū yǒu jīngměi de chātú.

This book is beautifully illustrated.

写文章前，先列一个提纲。

Xiě wénzhāng qián, xiān liè yí gè tígāng.

Before writing an essay, make an outline first.

写文章之前，先列一个提纲。

Xiě wénzhāng zhīqián, xiān liè yí gè tígāng.

Before writing an essay, make an outline first.

舅舅一喝酒就滔滔不绝。

Jiùjiu yì hējiǔ jiù tāotāo-bùjué.

My uncle talks nonstop whenever he drinks.

他一说起足球就滔滔不绝。

Tā yì shuōqǐ zúqiú jiù tāotāo-bùjué.

Once he starts on football, he talks on and on.

这两个词的语义不一样。

Zhè liǎng gè cí de yǔyì bù yíyàng.

These two words have different meanings.

这句话的语义不太清楚。

Zhè jù huà de yǔyì bú tài qīngchu.

The meaning of this sentence isn't very clear.

你喜欢哪种文风的小说？

Nǐ xǐhuan nǎ zhǒng wénfēng de xiǎoshuō?

What style of writing do you like in novels?

这篇报道的文风很严肃。

Zhè piān bàodào de wénfēng hěn yánsù.

The writing style of this report is very serious.

语境不同，意思也会不同。

Yǔjìng bùtóng, yìsi yě huì bùtóng.

When the context is different, the meaning will be different too.

脱离语境，这句话会被误会。

Tuōlí yǔjìng, zhè jù huà huì bèi wùhuì.

Taken out of context, this sentence will be misunderstood.

你忘了关上后面的括号。

Nǐ wàngle guānshàng hòumian de kuòhào.

You forgot to close the parenthesis at the end.

括号里的字是什么意思？

Kuòhào lǐ de zì shì shénme yìsi?

What does the word in the brackets mean?